bingham



G. C. BINGHAM.

LIQUIDJFUEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

I APPLICATION FILED DEC, I9 I921- 1,41 0 ,241,, Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

In 3 I.

a e 6" 6y G. C. BINGHAM.

LIQUID FUEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 050119, 1921.

. 1 41 0 24 1 Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. v

fi Wm WM ATTY G. C. BINGHAM.

LIQUID FUEL LNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED 050,19, 1921.

1,410,241 Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

ATTY,

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

GEORGE COWLEY BINGHAM, 0F MALDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOEDM'UQND ERNEST BENTALL, 0F MALIDON, ENGLAND.

LIQUID-FUEL INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE. COWLEY BING- HAM, a subject of the King ofEngland, re-

siding -at 34 London Road, Maldon, in the county of Essex,.Engla nd,have invented new and useful Improvements in Liquid- FuelInternal-Combustion which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of en- .gine wherein the charge isfired by heat of compression, and it has for its object to so effect thesupply of fuel to the working cylingler that pre-ignition is renderedimpossi le.

With this object I compress exhaust gases and utilize these to conveythe fuel charge to the working cylinder at the end of the compressionstroke; these exhaust gases being compressed to such a degree that theywill cause ignition by the heat of their compression immediately thefuel enters the main cylinder and mixes with the air therein.

My invention istherefore applicable to both high and low compressionengines,that is to say-to those wherein the charge is compressed in themain cylinder to a sufficient extent as to cause ignition by the heat ofits compression, when the. fuel charge is injected, and to those whereinthe compression in the main cylinder is not so high; ignition in thelatter case beingcaused solely by the heat ofcompression of the exhaustgases.

For this purpose I prefer to'employ an auxiliary cylinder, having apiston working therein operated from the main engine shaft or otherwise,and provided with an inlet for the exhaust gases from the main cylinder,and an outlet communicating with the main engine cylinder through apassage or chamher into which the oil fuel is drawn or forced; saidinlet and outlet being suitably governed.

With such an arrangement air will be drawn into the main cylinder in theusual manner at the suction stroke, and simultaneously exhaust gasesinto the auxiliary cylinder, and oil fuel into the'passage or chamberbetween the main and auxiliary cylinders.

At the end of the compression stroke in both. cylinders the exhaustgasesin the auxiliery cylinder will have attained a sufficient Engines, of

'der is arranged parallel to the Specification of Letters Patent. Patentd M 21 1922 Application filed December 19, 1921.

Serial No. 523,422.

pressure by simple compression to cause a supply of fuel to be forcedinto the main cylln er, when said communication between the twocylinders is opened, when it will mix with the air therein and be firedby the heat of compression.

-In'the accompanying drawings I have illustrated how my invention maybecarried lnto practical effect, and, although not necessarily limitedthereto, I will further descrlbe the same by the aid of such drawings.

Of these drawings Figures 1. and 2. are sectional plans of the mainportions of the cylinders of two four stroke engines of sightlydifferent forms constructed accordmg to m invention, and Whereinthe auxiliary cy inder and its piston extend from the main cylinder and piston,while Figures 3. and 4. are sections at lines X-X and Y- Y of Figures 1.and 2. of plans of the engines.

Figure 5. is a sectional elevation of the main portions .of thecylinders of a four stroke engine wherein the auxiliary cylinmaincylinder and the connection between thetwo for the passageof the exhaustgases is through a passage extending from the main engine cylinderexhaust.

All of these engines are designed to work on high compression, but itwill be obvious that with liitl'e modification they could be adapted towork on'low compression.

In the construction shewn in Figures 1. and 3. Ahis the main enginecylinder,whichis fitted with the usual inlet and outlet valves, and B.is the auxiliary cylinder,

which forms a continuation of the main cylinder, and its piston C. formsa continuation valve L., which is suitably operated from the engine toopen at the end of the compression stroke of each cycle of the engine,while the passages K. also communicate with the liquid fuel supplythrough the non-return valve M. (Figure 3).

An engine so constructed would operate as follows During the suctionstroke of the two pistons air will be drawn into the main cylinder andexhaust gases. into the auxiliary cvlinder, and simultaneously a supplyof liquid fuel will pass into the passages K' where it will remain owingto the shape (as shown) of said passages.

' At the end of the compression stroke of the two pistons the valve L.will open and the compressed exhaust gases in the auxiliary cylinderwill pass through thetube H. and passages K. into the main cyhndertaking with them the oil iuelin the passages K. which will be fired bythe heat of compression immediately it mixes with the air in the maincylinder.

On the exhaust stroke the valve L. will not open so that the exhaustgases drawn into the auxiliary cylinder during the power stroke of themain engine piston w1ll be compressed and held and will expand durmg thesuction stroke of the main engine piston and be recompressed during thecompression stroke of the latter, when the cycle will be repeated.

At the commencement or working the auxiliary cylinder will be chargedwith air and this may be utilized toconvey the oil fuel to the maincylinder or the valve E may be opened to allow oil fuel to mix with theair entering through E. so that an explosive charge will he fired by theheat of compression in'the auxiliary cylinder and the resulting gasesutilised to force the fuel supply into the main cylinder.

The construction shown in Figures 2. and 4;. is the same as that shownin Figures 1. and 3. so far as concerns the arrangement or" the main andauxiliary cylinders and pistons and their operation hut thecommunication between the two cylinders is silented through.lay-passages N to which the oil fuel is supplied once only during eachengine'cycle, and ll). through the auxiliary piston, which latterconsequently as control seeing that the N. and can communicate oneanother when if liary pies such a noel-tic. ends pa ssages er.

All)". a

no alcove types 1 i 1 work on c Lion shown.

" Y n k In this engine the fuel is pumped to the passages through whichthe compressed exhaust gases pass from the auxiliary to themaincylinder, by a suitable pump.

From the foregoing description it will be obvious that with littlemodification, in the case or. four stroke engines, a non-return valve orthe equivalent may be introduced into the passage between the twocylinders so that two charges of exhaust gases may be compressed in saidpassage at each engine cycle, to ensure a sufliciency as regards bothquantity and pressure to carry the oil fuel into the main cylinder.

Hav ng now particularly described and ascertalned the nature of mysaidinvention .and in what manner the same is to be per formed, ll declarethat what l claim is :1. liquid fuel internal combustion engineincluding a main cylinder, an auxiliary cyl nder, a passage connectingthe auxiliary cylinder wlththe exhaust passage of the main cylinder forconducting exhaust gasesinto the auxiliary cylinder to enable the sameto be compressed therein and a separate passage connecting the auxiliarycylinder with the main cylinder and into which the fuel charge isdelivered to cause the compressed exhaust gases to carry the said chargeinto the main cylinder and the the charge by heat oiicompression of theexhaust gases.

2. A liquid fuel internal combustion engine including a main cylinder,an auxiliary cylinder, a passage connecting the auxiliary cylinder withthe main cylinder and arranged to conduct the exhaust gases from. themain cylinder to the auxiliary. cylinder said losingcompressed withinthe d ry cylinder for tiring the engine hy heat compression oi saidgases a separate the a my cylinde 1 he carried into the main cy emedexhaust der and means for p' sive charge into the ug the whe

